An ecosystem is the relationship between insects and the environment in carrying out life processes. The majority of insects are herbivores, and plants serve as their main hosts. Plants also secrete hormone compounds that are favored by arthropods as both a food source and a host for survive....

Aphelenchoides fragariae, commonly known as strawberry crimp nematodes, primarily target the aerial parts of plants, affecting both internal and external structures. In Indonesia, where strawberries are predominantly cultivated in highland regions, the presence of strawberry crimp...

Silba adipata is a new pest that attacks white chili pepper in Bali, Indonesia. Most farmers control this pest with synthetic insecticides although this method poses significant risks to human health and the environment. Therefore, innovations and control technologies that are...

Strawberry (Fragaria sp.) is primarily grown in temperate and some subtropical countries. With the expansion of fruit commodities in Indonesia, including the introduction of foreign cultivar, strawberry has been increasingly cultivated locally. In North Sumatra, strawberry...

Vein banding disease has affected young strawberry leaves in Bali over the past five years. Caused by Strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV), the disease is primarily associated with fruit size reduction, though its exact impact remains unclear. This study aims to assess symptom...

Bali has favorable conditions for the production and expansion of citrus plantations. However, citrus cultivation in Bali often faces challenges, including reduced yield caused by pest infestations and pathogenic diseases. One significant pest affecting citrus plants is the whitefly. A...