Screening, genetic diversity of aiiA gene in AHL-lactonase producing bacteria and their potential to suppress the virulence factors of Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensis (Rsi) is a causal pathogen of Phylotype IV within the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex, commonly found in chili plants. This pathogenic bacterium uses a quorum sensing (QS) mechanism that relies on N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signals to regulate the expression of virulence genes, such as those encoding exopolysaccharides (EPS). Biological control of Rsi can be achieved by disrupting its QS system. The aim of this study was to isolate AHL-lactonase-producing bacteria, analyze the genetic diversity of their aiiA gene, and evaluate their effectiveness in suppressing EPS production in Rsi. The research involved sampling, isolating, and screening bacterial candidates from chili plants as AHL-lactonase producers using bioassays and molecular techniques, followed by evaluation of their ability to inhibit EPS expression as a virulence factor of Rsi. Bacterial samples were isolated from Brebes, Bandung, and Garut Regencies. Molecular identification revealed that the twelve selected isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus. Sequencing results showed genetic diversity in the aiiA gene among isolates obtained from regions with different altitudes. All isolates demonstrated the ability to suppress Rsi virulence factors.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Abidin A. 2018. Bakteri Endofit Penghasil AHL-Laktonase Asal Tanaman Pisang untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Darah [AHL-Lactonase-Producing Endophytic Bacteria from Banana Plants for the Control of Blood Disease]. Master Thesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Arwiyanto T, Triman B, Sulandari S, & Suryanti S. 2018. Preliminary test of a local tomato cultivar as a rootstock to control two soil-borne plant pathogens. Acta Hortic. 1207: 51–54. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1207.6
Ashari S. 2006. Hortikultura: Aspek Budidaya [Horticulture: Cultivation Aspects]. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.
Atashpaz S, Khani S, Barzegari A, Barar J, Vahed SZ, Azarbaijani R, & Omidi,Y. 2010. A robust universal method for extraction of genomic DNA from bacterial species. Microbiology. 79: 538–542. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261710040168
Dong YH, Xu JL, Li XZ, & Zhang LH. 2000. AiiA, an enzyme that inactivates the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal and attenuates the virulence of Erwinia carotovora. PNAS. 97(7): 3526–3531. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.7.3526
Hayward AC. 1986. Bacterial wilt caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum in Asia and Australia: An overview. In: Persley GJ (Ed.). Bacterial Wilt Disease in Asia and the South Pacific. pp. 15–24. ACIAR. Canberra.
Huang J, Shi Y, Zeng G, Gu Y, Chen G, Shi L, Hu Y, Tang B, & Zhou J. 2016. Acyl-homoserine lactone-based quorum sensing and quorum quenching hold promise to determine the performance of biological wastewater treatments: An overview. Chemosphere. 157: 137–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.032
Kementan, 2024. Angka Tetap Hortikultura Tahun 2023. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura Kementerian Pertanian
Khoiri S, Damayanti TA, & Giyanto. 2017. Identification of quorum quenching bacteria and its biocontrol potential against soft rot disease bacteria, Dickeya dadantii. AGRIVITA. J Agric Sci. 39(1): 45–55. http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v39i1.633
Kafrawi, Kumalawati Z, & Muliani S. 2015. Skrining isolat Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteri (PGPR) dari pertanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) di Gorontalo [Screening of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolates from shallot (Allium ascalonicum) cultivation in Gorontalo]. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mikrobiologi Kesehatan dan Lingkungan. pp. 132–139. UIN Alauddin Makasar. Makasar.
LaSarre B & Federle MJ. 2013. Exploiting quorum sensing to confuse bacterial pathogens. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 77(1): 73–111. https://doi.org10.1128/MMBR.00046-12
Machmud M & Hayward AC. 1992. Genetic and cultural control of peanut bacterial wilt. In Wright GC & Middleton KJ (Eds.). Peanut improvement: A case study in Indonesia. pp. 19–25. Proceedings of an ACIAR/AARD/QDPI Collaborative. Malang, Indonesia.
McClean KH, Winson MK, Fish L, Taylor A, Chhabra SR, Camara M, Daykin M, Lamb JH, Swift S, Bycroft BW, Stewart GS, & Williams P. 1997. Quorum sensing and Chromobacterium violaceum: exploitation of violacein production and inhibition for the detection of N-acylhomoserine lactones. Microbiology. 143(12): 3703–3711. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-143-12-3703
Niswati A, Yusnaini S, & Arif MAS. 2008. Populasi mikroba pelarut fosfat dan P-tersedia pada rizosfir beberapa umur dan jarak dari pusat perakaran jagung (Zea mays L.) [Phosphate solubilizing microorganism and available P on the rizosphere of some ages and distances from the center of maize roots]. J. Trop. Soils. 13(2): 123–130.
Nur A & Syahruddin K. 2012. Aplikasi teknologi mutasi dalam pembentukan varietas gandum tropis [Application of mutation technology in the development of tropical wheat varieties]. In: Praptana RH & Hermanto (Eds.). Gandum: Peluang Pengembangan di Indonesia [Wheat: Development Opportunities in Indonesia]. pp. 185–202. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia. IAARD Press. Bogor.
Opina N, Tavner F, Hollway G, Wang JF, Li TH, Maghirang R, Fegan M, Hayward AC, Krishnapillai V, Hong WF, Holloway BW, & Timmis JN. 1997. A novel method for development of species and strain-specific DNA probes and PCR primers for identifying Burkholderia solanacearum (formerly Pseudomonas solanacearum). Asia-Pac. J. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 5(1): 19–30.
Palupi H, Yulianah I Respatijarti R. 2015. Uji Ketahanan 14 Galur Cabai Besar (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum spp) dan Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman. https://doi:10.21176/protan.v3i8.245
Pan J, Huang T, Yao F, Huang Z, Powell CA, Qiu S & Guan X. 2008. Expression and characterization of aiiA gene from Bacillus subtilis BS-1. Microbiol. Res. 163(6): 711–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2007.12.002
Rahayu D A & Nugroho ED. 2015. Biologi Molekuler dalam Perspektif Konservasi. Yogyakarta: Plantaxia.
Rahayu SE & Handayani S. 2011. Keragaman genetik pandan asal Jawa Barat berdasarkan penanda inter simple sequence repeat. MAKARA of Science Series. 14(2): 10–15.
Rajesh PS & Rai VR. 2016. Inhibition of QS-regulated virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Pectobacterium carotovorum by AHL-lactonase of endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus VT96. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 7: 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2016.06.003
Rofidah NI, Yulianah I, & Respartijarti. 2018. Korelasi antara komponen hasil dengan hasil pada populasi F6 tanaman cabai merah besar (Capsicum annuum L.) [Correlation between yield components and yield in the F6 population of large red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants]. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman. 6(2): 230–235.
Rutherford ST & Bassler BL. 2012. Bacterial quorum sensing: Its role in virulence and possibilities for its control. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2(11): a012427. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a012427
Safni I, Cleenwerck I, De Vos P, Fegan M, Sly L. & Kappler U. 2014. Polyphasic taxonomic revision of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex: Proposal to emend the descriptions of Ralstonia solanacearum and Ralstonia syzygii and reclassify current R. syzygii strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii subsp. nov., R. solanacearum phylotype IV strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis subsp. nov., banana blood disease bacterium strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis subsp. nov. and R. solanacearum phylotype I and III strains as Ralstonia solanacearum sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 64(9): 3087-3103. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.066712-0
Song C, Ma H, Zhao Q, Song S, & Jia Z. 2012. Inhibition of quorum sensing activity by ethanol extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. J. Plant Pathol. Microbiol. S7: 001. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7471.S7-001
Tamura, K., Stecher, G. and Kumar, S., 2021. MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Mol Biol Evol. 38(7): 3022–3027.
Young AD & Gillung JP. 2020. Phylogenomics—principles, opportunities and pitfalls of big?data phylogenetics. Systematic Entomology. 45(2): 225–247. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12406
Zhao X, Yu Z, & Ding T. 2020. Quorum-sensing regulation of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. Microorganisms. 8(3): 425. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8030425