Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika

Corrigendum: Antifungal evaluation of turmeric rhizome extract against Colletotrichum capsici, the causal agent of anthracnose on red-chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)

Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A corrigendum on

Antifungal evaluation of turmeric rhizome extract against Colletotrichum capsici, the causal agent of anthracnose on red-chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)

by Akin, HM, Aggraini D, Wibowo L, Prasetyo J & Suharjo R. 2024. J. Trop Plant Pests Dis. 24(1): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.12475-81

In the original article, on page 77, the formula for disease intensity has an incomplete legend.

The authors apologize for this mistake and clarify that it does not affect the scientific conclusions of the article. The original version has been corrected

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Molecular characterization of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) on Helicoverpa armigera Hübner larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Wed, 21 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) is a type of biological agent that can be effectively used as a bioinsecticide to control the cob borer caterpillar in corn. Among these viruses, HearNPV (Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus) stands out due to its host specificity, environmentally safety, and lack of harm to non-target organisms. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the molecular characteristics of the DNA polymerase gene of HearNPV. To achieve this, caterpillars were collected from the field, then reared and inoculated in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Following propagation, viral genomic DNA was extracted using a modified CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide) protocol, which is commonly employed for its efficiency in isolating high-quality DNA from various sources. Subsequently, DNA amplification was performed using specific primers: forward primer HearNPV F and reverse primer HearNPV R. These primers were designed to target the DNA polymerase gene, a crucial component in viral replication and a key marker for phylogenetic studies. The results of the phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Bogor strains of HearNPV shared a high degree of similarity with NPVs that infect other species within the Helicoverpa genus, including strains from Spain, Australia, Brazil, Russia, and Japan. Specifically, the nucleotide sequence homology ranged from 98.4% to 99.4%, while the amino acid sequence homology ranged from 98.2% to 99.2%. This high level of homology suggests a close evolutionary relationship and potentially similar biological characteristics among these NPV strains.

Application of Trichoderma Isolate consortium in organic fertilizer for controlling shallot twisted disease

Thu, 08 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of applying a consortium of Trichoderma spp. isolates to a type of organic fertilizer that is effective in controlling twisted disease and on the growth and yield of shallot plants. The study utilized a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of eight treatments with four replications. The treatments examined werea= as follows: P₀ = control, P₁ = 5 tons per ha of chicken manure fertilizer, P₂ = 5 tons per ha of chicken manure fertilizer and consortium of two Trichoderma spp. isolates, P₃ = 5 tons per ha of chicken manure fertilizer and consortium of three Trichoderma spp. isolates, P₄ = 5 tons per ha of chicken manure fertilizer, 20 tons per ha trichocompost, and a consortium of two Trichoderma spp. isolates, P₅ = 5 tons per ha of chicken manure fertilizer, 20 tons per ha trichocompost, and consortium of three Trichoderma spp. isolates, P₆ = 20 tons per ha of trichocompost and a consortium of two Trichoderma spp. isolates, and P₇ = 20 tons per ha of trichocompost and a consortium of three Trichoderma spp. isolates. The results showed that the twisted disease incidence in treatment P4 was the lowest (14.52%) at 8 weeks after planting. The plant height was of 39.10 cm, with 29.8 leaves per clump at 7 WAP, and the dried bulb weight was 112.4 g per clump. In conclusion, the application of chicken manure fertilizer at a dose of 5 ton per ha, combined with 20 tons per ha of trichocompost and a consortium of two Trichoderma spp. isolates, could control twisted disease in shallot.

The effectiveness of Liliaceae phyllospheric Actinomycetes as biocontrol agent of purple blotch disease (Alternaria porri Ell. Cif) on shallot

Tue, 02 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri, affects leaves and tubers, leading to reduced yields. Traditionally, synthetic chemical fungicides were heavily relied upon for control. As an alternative, biocontrol agents like actinomycetes have gained attention. Some actinomycetes can suppress plant pathogens by producing antifungal compounds. This research aimed to investigate the efficacy of phyllosphere actinomycetes from Liliaceae plants as biocontrol agents against purple blotch disease on shallots in the greenhouse. Conducted at the IPB University Plant Bacteriology and Mycology Laboratory and the greenhouse at Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic, West Java, the research involved several stages, including pathogen identification, preparation of actinomyces inoculum and A. porri, and application of actinomycetes biocontrol agents to shallots in the greenhouse. A. porri isolates were obtained from shallot production centers in the Brebes area, Central Java. The use of the actinomycetes from the phyllosphere effectively suppressed purple blotch disease, with the lowest area under the disease development curve (AUDPC) recorded at 635.9% for the CFS28 isolate. Lower AUDPC values indicated slower disease progression. Actinomycetes biocontrol agents showed promising efficacy, with the CFS28 isolate achieving the highest efficacy percentage of 78.37%. Additionally, plant growth was significantly enhanced by actinomycete application, with tuber sizes ranging from 1.44 to 2.06 g, fresh weights from 17.63 to 24.72 g, and dry weights of shallot bulbs from 5.43 to 17.96 g. The incubation period for A. porri could be extended by actinomycetes, ranging from 5.43 to 8.5 days for purple blotch symptoms to manifest on shallots. The use of Actinomyces phyllosphere biocontrol agents holds promise for disease control on other plants’ leaves, contributing to environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practices.

Effectiveness of bionematicide from Purpureocillium lilacinum in controlling root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)

Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aimed to study the efficacy of the fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum as a bionematicide to control root-knot nematodes (RKN). Two steps of experiments were carried out in this study. The first experiment involved the application of various levels of bionematicide doses to control RKN on tomato plants. The second experiment tested the application of bionematicide (both as a single application and in combination with bromelain compost) to control RKN on guava cv. Kristal. A carbofuran nematicide was applied following the company’s recommendation in this second experiment for comparison. The results of the first trial showed that the application of P. lilacinum bionematicide at doses ranging from 20–40 g per plant or 7–13 g per kg of soil was effective in reducing the J-2 RKN population in the soil and roots, as well as mitigating damage to plant roots. In the second experiment, it was shown that the application of P. lilacinum bionematicide, either alone or mixed with bromelain compost, was more effective than the application of carbofuran nematicide in reducing the J-2 RKN population in the soil and roots, as well as in minimizing root damage to guava seedlings. Additionally, the application of bionematicides mixed with compost proved more effective than their single application in reducing plant root damage. Furthermore, apart from being able to control nematode populations and plant damage, P. lilacinum bionematicide could stimulate plant growth.