Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika

Insecticide application effect on ground dwelling arthropods in edamame crops

Rosma Hasibuan — 2025-07-18

Ground-dwelling arthropods play many important roles in agroecosystems. This experiment was conducted to assess the effects of botanical and synthetic insecticides on soil arthropods in edamame crops. The study included six treatments: soursop leaf extract at concentrations of 1% and 2%, diflubenzuron at concentrations of 0.05% and 0.1%, a common synthetic insecticide (chlorantraniliprole 0.15%), and a control (untreated plants), each with three replications. Pitfall traps were used to sample soil arthropods. A total of 2222 soil arthropods were collected, consisting of 1443 (64.94%) predatory arthropods and 778 (35.06%) detritivorous arthropods. The dominant orders of predators and detritivores were Araneae (61.5%) and Coleoptera (40.2%), respectively. The highest numbers of predatory and detritivorous arthropods were found on edamame plants sprayed with soursop extract, while the lowest numbers were recorded on plants treated with the common synthetic insecticide chlorantraniliprole. These results indicate that chlorantraniliprole negatively impacts the presence of ground-dwelling arthropods in edamame agroecosystems. In contrast, the application of the botanical insecticide (soursop leaf extract) and the synthetic insect growth regulator (diflubenzuron) did not reduce the abundance or diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods in edamame fields.

Application of biocontrol products Bio P60 and Bio T10 as single or in combination in suppressing chili fruit anthracnose in the field

Endang Mugiastuti — 2025-07-11

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of single or combined applications of Bio P60 and Bio T10 products in suppressing anthracnose disease in chili pepper under field conditions. The research was conducted at an altitude of 1200 m above sea level using a randomized block design with five treatments: control, chemical fungicide, Bio P60, Bio T10, and a combination of Bio P60 and Bio T10, each replicated five times. Observed variables included incubation period, disease incidence, disease intensity, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), infection rate, plant height, number of leaves, time of first flower, time of first fruit, number of fruits, fruit weight per plant, harvest weight per plot, and qualitative phenolic compound content. The results showed that the combined application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 was the most effective, delaying the incubation period, suppressing disease intensity, and reducing AUDPC by 13.71%, 69.34%, and 47.06%, respectively, compared to the control. The combination treatment also enhanced plant growth and yield, increasing plant height, number of fruits, fruit weight per plant, and harvest weight per plot by 27.38%, 62.65%, 90.85%, and 82.99%, respectively. Furthermore, the application of Bio P60, Bio T10, and their combination increased phenolic compound content qualitatively in chili pepper plants.

Identification and sensitivity testing of whip smut pathogen on sugarcane to fungicides and plant extracts

Efri Efri — 2025-03-16

Whip smut symptoms have emerged in sugarcane plantations in Central Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. However, the identity of the pathogen and its sensitivity to various fungicidal active ingredients remain unclear. This study aims to identify the whip smut pathogen in sugarcane plantations in Central Lampung Regency and evaluate its sensitivity to different fungicidal active ingredients.The research involved morphological and molecular identification of the pathogen, along with sensitivity testing against fungicides containing carbendazim, prochloraz, and mancozeb, as well as plant-based fungicides derived from puyangan (Zingiber zerumbet) and jamuan (Curcuma zedoaria) extracts. Morphological analysis revealed that the whip smut pathogen has septate hyphae, cylindrical sporidia measuring 7.45–18.31 µm in length and 1.63–3.89 µm in width, and round, yellowish-brown teliospores with an average size of 6.39 × 6.66 µm. Molecular identification confirmed that the LA UKN isolate from Central Lampung Regency belongs to Sporisorium scitamineum, with a bootstrap value of 93%. Sensitivity testing indicated that the pathogen is highly susceptible to carbendazim and prochloraz but less sensitive to mancozeb, puyangan extract, and jamuan extract.

Description of the morphology, morphometric, and molecular of Aphelenchoides fragariae (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) causing crimp disease of strawberry in Indonesia

Fitrianingrum Kurniawati — 2025-02-03

Aphelenchoides fragariae, commonly known as strawberry crimp nematodes, primarily target the aerial parts of plants, affecting both internal and external structures. In Indonesia, where strawberries are predominantly cultivated in highland regions, the presence of strawberry crimp disease has been confirmed. Infected plants exhibit symptoms such as stunted growth, reddened foliage, crimped or curled leaves, and malformed buds and blooms. Aboveground damage caused by the nematodes includes contorted shoots, undersized leaves, and reddish petioles, often accompanied by discolored patches on the foliage. These symptoms significantly impair the growth and productivity of strawberry plants, highlighting the nematode’s potential as a serious pest in these regions. The identification of A. fragariae was achieved through a combination of morphological and molecular characterization methods. Species confirmation relied on PCR amplification of the nematode’s cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, using primers (COI F and COI R) designed in the laboratory. The amplification yielded a specific fragment of approximately 550 base pairs, which was sequenced for further analysis. Sequence alignment revealed identity levels ranging from 82.8% to 99.7%, confirming the presence of A. fragariae. The resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers LC804455 (A. fragariae isolate RB) and LC804456 (A. fragariae isolate LB), providing a valuable resource for future studies on this nematode species.

Species diversity of fruit flies in three different habitats in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Dirham Dirham — 2025-07-16

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are major pests in the horticultural sector. However, comprehensive information on their distribution across different habitats in Central Sulawesi is still lacking. This study aimed to assess the species diversity of fruit flies in three habitat types—urban, agricultural, and forest areas—in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Collections were conducted from November 2022 to May 2023 using Steiner traps baited with cue lure (CUE) and methyl eugenol (ME). Fruit fly specimens were identified to the species level, and diversity, dominance, and evenness indices were calculated. A total of 32 species and 10,393 individual fruit flies were collected across the three habitat types. The forest habitat exhibited the highest diversity and evenness indices, followed by agricultural and urban areas. In contrast, the urban habitat showed a higher dominance of certain species. The most dominant species were Bactrocera dorsalis (ME trap) and B. albistrigata (CUE trap). Notably, the presence of rare species found exclusively in forest habitats contributed significantly to the higher species richness observed there.